Sunday, December 14, 2014

Weight loss triggers appetite hormones and increases appetite

Renee Gosselin, MS MBA RD
Nutrition Instructor





Many times, an individual may think that their motivation is the only reason that they have failed or are having a hard time maintaining their weight loss. Weight loss is hardly thought of as a hormonal. However, weight loss produces many physiological changes that can increase an individual’s appetite and this is 100% true! Recently, I attended a conference and some of the topics that were discussed consisted of hormonal components of adipose tissue and Microbioti ( Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes) in relationship to weight loss within the GI tract. 

When a person loses weight without surgery interventions, multiple factors occur to make them gain weight or have an appetite increase. Ghrelin, the gut hormone which is produced in the stomach, increases when weight loss occurs. Leptin, a hormone that provides satiety, decreases when weight loss occurs as well. 

Additionally, PYY and Amylin both decreases when weight loss occurs. All of these components can increase hunger and appetite changes occur. 

Additionally, when weight loss occurs, energy expenditure decreases, thyroid hormones decrease, and Cortisol (steroid hormone) increases. All of these components can cause weight gain to occur as more energy is stored. In general, people who lose weight need less energy (calories - approximately 100-150 kcals daily) than someone of the same body composition who was never of obese or overweight status. 

All of these components can be a determinate of weight status. However, with dietary modifications and behavioral changes weight loss can be accomplished and maintained.

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